Costco Wholesale Corporation s Organizational Structure

Costco Wholesale Corporation’s organizational structure is based on the company’s current operation and locations as well as the market. The organization structure is the shape to connect different organizational components to address the business needs. Costco’s organizational structure active enables the management of operations in different markets. Even though Costco is the biggest membership warehouse club in America, and designed it structure for success in the management of it business in the U.S. and overseas. Costco would have to change its organizational structure within time to suit the expanding global operations. The organizational structure of Costco Wholesale Corporation mainly has a weak matrix. This type of organizational structure abstains a strong functional structure and a secondary divisional structure. In the functional structure Costco groups employee’s base on the business functions, like marketing and accounting. The secondary divisional structure base its business components on location or market. The main primary functional of Costco’s organizational structure starts at the corporate level and that affects the entire organization. The functional groups are: 1. Human Resources and Risk Management 2. Operations 3. Costco Wholesale Industries Business Development 4. Finance 5. Foods Sundries Merchandising 6. Merchandising – Fresh Foods 7. Construction 8. Information Systems 9. Legal 10. Accounting 11. E-Commerce and Publishing 12. DepotShow MoreRelatedCostco History Essay1839 Words   |  8 Pages The History of Costco Wholesale DeAna Castro Wilmington University MGT 6501 Abstract Costco is a members only, international retail chain discount warehouse Club. They combine high quality merchandise with low prices. Costco began in 1976 as Price Club and restructured in 1997 as Costco Wholesales. Costco’s passion, mission, and ethics have been the key to the leading membership warehouse retail giant to supply their customers with low prices. Their low cost business strategies andRead MoreCostco: Join the Club1936 Words   |  8 Pages1. Describe the culture at Costco. Organizational culture has been described as shared values and beliefs that underline a company’s identity. A strong culture that encourages employees from the top to the bottom in adaptation and change can increase organizational performance by energizing and motivating employees, shape behaviors, unify personnel in the goals / objectives and align employee’s actions with the priorities of the company (Daft, R., 2013). Creating a constructive culture shouldRead MoreInflation and Costco10736 Words   |  43 PagesPerspectives MISSION 1.1.  General introduction of Costco Group: 1.1.1.  An overview of Costco Group: Costco Wholesale is a global corporation trading in wholesale and retail.  This group acts as a chain store includes many members in many parts of the world, under the name Costco Wholesale.  It offers customers a firm belief expressed by the provision of a range of products with the brand has been confirmed.  With hundreds of locations worldwide, Costco provides customers more choices of goods, in additionRead MoreCostco Organizational Analysis - Spring 20133837 Words   |  16 PagesAppendix C: Organizational Analysis Costco Wholesale Corporation Introduction†¦ The purpose of this Organizational Analysis is to discuss Costco’s current mission and values, provide a snapshot of their existing overall business model and the environment they are working in, and then discuss the key success factors required to succeed in their industry. Beyond that will be an examination of what resources (tangible, intangible, and human) and capabilities (functional and value chain) are neededRead MoreCostco Due Diligence Report28823 Words   |  116 Pages____________________________________________________________ ______ COSTCO WHOLESALE DUE DILIGENCE REPORT Prepared by: Prepared for: Course: Date: April 23, 2011 ____________________________________________________________ ______ Table of Contents Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Industry Overview†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 5 Corporate Overview†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 SWOT Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 12 Culture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreCostco13883 Words   |  56 PagesCostco Pharmacy POM Audit Team 7 Executive Summary Design of Goods and Services- Costco can be seen to be in their maturity stages of their life. Therefore, it is recommended for Costco to expand its Pharmacy department by at least 50%. Process Design-Costco processes prescriptions and provides the prescribed drugs to customers. For each prescription, pharmacists carefully review the dosage along with other drugs you may be taking in order to prevent any chance of medications interactingRead MoreThe Relationship Between Corporate Governance And Social Responsibility2248 Words   |  9 PagesRelationship between corporate governance and social responsibility. Does a corporation have to act selflessly to be considered socially responsible?   Of equal concern is the question of corporate social responsibility, what this means and how it can be operationalized. Therefore, several industries consider that their supremacy is suitable as they conform to the joint code on corporate governance, which came into effect 2003. Several companies respect corporate supremacy as a part of investor relationshipsRead MoreThe Relationship Between Corporate Governance And Social Responsibility Essay1777 Words   |  8 Pages1. What is the relationship between corporate governance and social responsibility? Does a corporation have to act selflessly to be considered socially responsible? Use a specific example to explain your answer. Corporate Governance is focused with holding the balance between social goals and economic as well as between individual and communal goals. The framework of the corporate governance is responsible in encouraging the effective custom of resources and equally to require accountability forRead MoreThe Relationship Between Corporate Governance And Social Responsibility Essay2256 Words   |  10 Pages1. Relationship between corporate governance and social responsibility. Does a corporation have to act selflessly to be considered socially responsible? Of equal concern is the question of corporate social responsibility, what this means and how it can be operationalized. Therefore, several industries consider that their supremacy is suitable as they conform to the joint code on corporate governance, which came into effect 2003. Several companies respect corporate supremacy as a part of investorRead MoreWal Mart : An American Multinational Retail Corporation1738 Words   |  7 PagesCompany Overview Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., popularly known as Wal-Mart, is an American multinational retail corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. Wal-Mart has been ranked as number 1 in the list of Fortune 500 companies for 2013. (CNN money, 2013) The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962, incorporated on October 31, 1969 and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. It is headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, United States. It is also the largest

Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires - 1263 Words

Nathan Hevle English B1A Professor Laura Peet 7 July 2013 Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires In a world that is being overrun by advancements in technology and mass media, society finds itself willingly trapped in a digital prison where people care less and less about the world. In Ray Bradbury’s 1953 classic science fiction novel Fahrenheit 451, he describes a technological world where everyone basically lives through their televisions and other advanced devices, and is totally oblivious to anything going on in the real world. The society in this world literally burns their creativity freely and cheerfully. People talk, but they don’t say anything (60). Bradbury subliminally warns how a technological futuristic world like this is†¦show more content†¦Bradbury writes about this mechanical beast, a fusion of nature and technology. With its eight legs, it too represents one of nastiest creatures ever, a spider. Many people greatly fear spiders. They usually have a justified reason why. A spider has no soul, such as The M echanical Hound. Its only purpose is to hunt and kill. It symbolizes death. It’s a terrifying abomination of steel and needles, controlled by its own internal computer, which destroys anything its hunting. Bradbury shows that when society manipulates nature it is left with an unpleasant, vicious result that only causes death and destruction. Clarisse tells Montag, â€Å"And sometimes I like to put my head back, like this, and let the rain fall in my mouth. It tastes just like wine.† (27). Montag is skeptical, but when Clarisse leaves him, he tilts his head back and tries the rain. Montag is slowly breaking out of his prison. He’s starting to look at things differently. There’s an emptiness inside of him that he’s finally starting to realize. Bradbury mentions Clarisse walking â€Å"letting the motion of the wind and the leaves carry her forward† (15). This relates Clarisse with nature and how they are both truthful and pure. It’s not until Montag escapes from this technological world and into nature, that he becomes truly filled (108). NatureShow MoreRelatedForest Fires Essay1487 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature I. Introduction- Forest Fires According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary, Wildfire means â€Å"a sweeping and destructive conflagration esp. in a wilderness or a rural area.† Also according to the same dictionary, wilderness means â€Å"a tract or region uncultivated and uninhabited by human beings.† Forest Fires happen when there is a drought because branches and twigs die and dry out creating plenty of fuel for a fire. According to the NIFC (National Interagency Fire Center) there are about 105Read MoreWhen the Mountains Burned Red: The Big Blowup Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesThink about the things you love and care about. Your home, your family, your photographs that keep the memories you hold dearly, even the things you say you hate now but know you would miss if they were gone. Like the ugly photo your wife insists stays up but you deal with it because you know she loves it. Imagine all these things being taken away without your consent, while you just watch helplessly as your memorie s just disappear. Sadly enough, this was the reality for several families living inRead More How Controlled Burns Improve Forestry Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pages Thousands upon thousands of acres are lost in forest fires every year. We always hear about the dramatic losses caused by forest fires and are often concerned by them. There are so many horrible effects from fires and most of them affect so many people. Studies have shown that out of all of the different methods to decrease fire damage, prescribed burns are the most affective. Many people would argue that they are not as affective because they cause so many health problems. AlthoughRead MoreFighting Fire With Fire Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesKyle Brinkley Mrs. Gallos English 3 Honors 27 March 2017 Fighting Fire With Fire Many people have heard the phrase â€Å"fight fire with fire†, but what most people do not realize is that this is one of the most practical and efficient ways to prevent and stop wild fires. Wildfires are naturally occurring events that will happen despite any effort to prevent them. The thing people can do is reduce the severity and amount of wildfires by many different tactics. There are organizations all over the worldRead MoreThe Value Of Taking Responsibility Essay1626 Words   |  7 Pagescampaigns were instated to prevent forest fires. It was believed that forest fires would greatly damage the timber industry due to the loss of trees the forests would suffer as a result. The longer these campaigns persisted, the worse the forest fire breakouts became, and the forests continued to degrade. Many animals were also displaced and threatened as a result of these intense fires. Eventually forestry researchers and conservationists started looking at what fires did to the var ious ecosystemsRead MoreForest Fires And Its Effects On The Environment1126 Words   |  5 Pagespreventing forest fires. Smokey Bear teaches children and adults to prevent forest fires by properly extinguishing campfires. This is a good message to learn, but it also leads people to believe that all forest fires are a bad thing. In many places fire is a naturally occurring phenomenon that is beneficial to the environment. Because of population growth and the Smokey Bear stop forest fires campaign, fire has been suppressed in much of the country. By suppressing naturally occurring wild fires, we areRead MoreStopping Plant Junipers, Some Pines, And Evergreens1669 Words   |  7 Pageseverywhere. There are many ways to prepare for a wildfire. The U.S. Forest Service shares useful tips on how to maintain and prepare the home from wildfire. Removing highly flammable shrubs like junipers from around the foundations of the house and outbuildings help to eliminate fire risk. Choosing â€Å"fire-resistive† plant materials to utilize in sections or islands throughout the yard help to break up the fuels that could potentially feed a fire. Surrounding islands with nonflammable retaining walls and well-wateredRead More Opposition to Prescribed Burns Essay933 Words   |  4 PagesOpposition to Prescribed Burns Forest fires kill many animals and usually destroy a large amount of land. Prescribed burns seem like they would be the best idea, but are they? Their claim to fame is to clear out land in order to decrease the burning space for when an actual forest fire occurs. Yet this may seem like a brilliant idea, but one must look at the negative aspects of controlled burnings. People might have a change of heart when they realize the damages and effectsRead MoreDeforestation And Environment1402 Words   |  6 Pages Deforestation is an increasing global crisis and is mainly caused by human actions. Forests cover approximately 31% of the area on the planet (Deforestation, n.d.). Deforestation is the destruction of a wide area of forest land into a cleared land that is used for a variety of reasons. The impact on the environment from cutting down, burning and damaging forests is very detrimental and there are severe consequences for the environment and future generations due to deforestation. According to theRead MoreDeforestation And Environment1125 Words   |  5 Pageson the environment from cutting down, burning and damaging forests is very detrimental and there will be severe consequences for the environment and future generations because of deforestation and approximately  7.3 million hectares of forests are being destroyed per year in the world. (citation)   In this essay, I will explore the impact that deforestation on the environment and I will also look at the actions that are being taken to prevent deforestation. There are various reasons why deforestation

The Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market free essay sample

The Nigerian foreign exchange market; rate determination; control and prospects for Naira convertibility Good morning members of the high table, my colleagues in the industry and all other distinguished guests. It is my greatest pleasure to present this paper at the Foreign Exchange seminar organized by the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria. I hope I am able to shed light on this extremely challenging topic. Definition: The foreign exchange market can be defined as the collective activity of exchanging currencies i. e. here currencies are bought and sold. The price for the currency is known as the exchange rate. This is one unique market that is not located anywhere but exists on electronic platforms – telephones, telex, internet and other electronic gadgets. The reality of today is that most convertible currencies offer a 24-hour access for market participants. This unique feature has brought with it significant depth in the market. The Nigerian foreign exchange marke t: The Nigerian foreign currency market is to a large extent a part of the global Fx market. However, it is still in the infancy stage in terms of development and does not offer a 24-hour access to the trading of its local currency. To appreciate the Nigerian forex market it is pertinent to highlight its make up. In carrying out this analysis the market can be divided into two major categories; †¢ The official market †¢ The unofficial market These markets have unique features, which therefore dictate the profiles of its participants. The official market, as the name connotes, is the officially recognized market by the regulatory authorities. The market allows the sale of foreign currency for transactions that are eligible and allowed by the Central Bank of Nigeria (Federal Government of Nigeria). Such eligible transactions must be supported by all specified documents. This market is further broken down into two categories, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) market the Autonomous market. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) market: The market is peculiar in that it handles over 75% of the total volume of foreign currency sold in Nigeria (excluding inter-bank). The market is also used to manage the foreign exchange rate in the economy. The system currently adopted to sell foreign currency in the CBN market is the Dutch Auction System. I have used currently because the CBN has adopted a variety of distribution methods over the years. The CBN rate sets the direction for the market. Its rate is usually the lowest in all the foreign currency markets. The Autonomous market: This market comprises all other players in the official market other than the CBN. They are; ? The export proceeds market: This is the generic name for all foreign currency inflows outside of the CBN i. e. roceeds from exports, oil companies, government parastatals, individuals etc. The market supports the settlement required in the inter-bank market and settlements of capital accounts’ transactions that are not eligible for CBN funds though valid transactions. ? The inter-bank market: This market came into existence in September 1986 when the CBN allowed banks to trade foreign exchange amongst themselves (as is done internationally). The stan dard of trading in the market is â€Å"two-way quote† i. e. a quoting bank always gives its binding buying and selling rates to a calling bank. There is heavy documentation and reporting requirement on the buy and sell sides in the export proceeds and inter-bank markets. In some instances volume limits are imposed. ? The Bureau-de-change: These are small outfits licensed by the CBN to handle retail cash transactions. Recently some of their members were licensed to process funds required for travel purposes i. e. Business Travel Allowance (BTA)/Personal Travel Allowance (PTA). The unofficial market warehouses all FX utilisation that are not eligible, i. e. not allowed by the CBN, and all sales of foreign exchange that are not reportable to the CBN. This market can be divided into; the free-funds market and the street market. The Free-funds market is also known as the Transfer or Convertible market: This market has been promoted by the strict controls that exist in the official market and the transparency issue on duties. It has been said that this market provides support for the management of the duty applied on goods imported. The forex for all prohibited goods brought into the country may also have this market as its source. It is a widely held opinion that the substantial part of the supply to this market is â€Å"sterilized† official funds. Most foreign exchange earners (with low corporate/individual compliance commitments) supply funds to this market because of its higher rates i. e. premium over the official sources and confidentiality. The premium that obtains here is primarily due to the absence of documentation. The Cash/Travelers’ cheque (TC) market: This is the easiest of the markets to access. It commands the highest premium due to the speed and guarantee of delivery offered. The cash market is the street market mostly found around the international airports, hotels and major markets. (In Lagos – Tejuosho, Akerele, Ikeja) Rate determination in the Nigerian forex market As with other markets the interplay of demand and supply dictate the price. Demand supply: This simply says the higher the demand (over supply) the higher the price. If the demand for dollar increases significantly relative to its supply, more Naira will be required to purchase a single unit of dollars. However behind the demand and supply are a group of factors: Fundamental, Institutional and Technical. The fundamentals: By this I mean factors concerned with the economic financial condition of the country i. e. alance of payment (bop), interest rates and inflation rates, leading and lagging indicators, economic growth, fiscal deficits and the money supply, market expectation and economic ideology. Institutional factors constitute the policy framework surrounding a particular currency. Examples are exchange parities under Bretton Woods, European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM). Technical factors are the studies of the dynamics of market trends once they are under way, rather than with the supply and demand factors, which cause them. The study of how the market moves rather than why it moves. Search for psychological â€Å"resistance† and â€Å"support† levels in currency prices. The short-term scope of the foreign exchange market gives greater relevance to technical analysis over fundamental analysis. The Nigerian market is however rudimentary. Rate determination is not driven by institutional or technical factors. The fundamental factors have more relevance. The fragmentation of the market makes it difficult to have a unified rate for Naira against foreign currency (most importantly $/N). In the Nigeria therefore fx rates are determined in various ways depending on the market; The CBN market: As earlier mentioned the process adopted in this market is the Dutch Auction System (DAS). This is a system whereby a specific amount of foreign currency is offered for sale. The allotment of the currency begins with the highest bid rate received until the total amount offered is fully exhausted. The rate at which the last amount is taken up is the marginal rate or the CBN rate on the day in question. The customer determines the rate at which to bid for the funds required, however this is often informed by the volume on offer by the CBN, the demand at the previous bid and other fundamentals. This rate sets the pace for the market. And the actions of the CBN in its market affect the autonomous market, which is a very thin market – increase or decrease in supply will cause large movements in price. The export proceeds market: Most of the suppliers of funds within this market (especially the oil companies) also adopt the Dutch Auction System. They invite banks to bid for their funds. In this case, the bank is the one quoting and not the corporate customers/individuals. Prices quoted by banks are determined by the inter-bank market levels and the sentiments the inter-bank dealers hold. The inter-bank market: The money market standard for its members is the two-way quoting system. This is seen as the most professional market. Rates reflect the sentiments of the quoting banks and the market is akin to the standard of the international markets. It was introduced in Nigeria in 1997 and despite the numerous setbacks it has suffered it is still acknowledged as the best model of pricing. The position taking activities and predatory elements of the banks are basis of the flavour in this market. The market is ruled by fundamentals and the interpretation of news. The unofficial market: Rates are determined by forces of demand and supply with an underlay of fundamentals, government actions and regulatory policies. Control in the Nigerian forex market: I have taken the liberty to restrict the discussion on the controls in the market to sovereign and regulatory. This is informed by the next topic, which is convertibility. As a background therefore, we shall examine the exchange controls in the market. Sovereign control: The Federal Government of Nigeria has the final authority on foreign exchange management in the country. Until 1995, the country operated under the 1962 Exchange Control Act. In 1995, the market was partially deregulated with the Foreign Exchange and Miscellaneous decree. Some of us here will remember the statement of the then Finance Minister, Chief A. A. Ani when he presented the 1995 budget statement. Chief Ani is quoted inter alia â€Å"Bring N85 million and I will sell to you $1 million, (any amount of dollars as long as the exchange rate is at $/N85) even for BTA! †. BTA required only an airline ticket to travel abroad (Cotonou inclusive!! ) and a visa (in the case of Cotonou there was no need for a visa! ) Nigerians bought tickets and asked for dollars.

Video Analysis E.L.Hayes

Learning is constant process that pools together environmental, cognitive as well as emotional influences including experiences of attaining, boosting, or modifying ones understanding,skills,ideals as well as the world views. Therefore, learning as a procedure focuses on what occurs when the learning is taking place.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Video Analysis: E.L.Hayes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From the behaviorist prospective, all processes relate to learning – thinking, acting, and feeling – are presented as a set of behaviors. Therefore, behaviorism defined learning as a method to teach children any type of activities by means of drilling and practicing. Using behaviorist model of teaching and outlining lessons involves a response paradigm to be followed both by a teacher and by a student. In other words, the main task of the teach consists in clear exposition of lesson objectives tha t would help students understand what needs to be done and help teacher track the changes and the course of accomplishing those objectives. On the one hand, such an approach seems to be effective because teacher can follow the lesson plan directly and expect the behaviors with regard to the identified objectives. On the other hand, these behaviors may end up causing the concerned child to lack stable interaction with others. Certainly, dealing with behaviors is a great challenge as far as culturally diverse group of students is concerned. Teacher should find an approach that would be consonant with a plethora of nuances linked to the problem of learning levels and cultural peculiarities. The teacher should establish contact with all students to understand the gap that should be fulfilled. This is, perhaps, the major constraint faced by educators while resorting to behaviorist theories. Theory Application In the video, the teacher strictly establishes the traditional curriculum and t he steps to be taken to accomplish the plan effectively. In particular, he describes in detail the essence of the reading activities and tries to identify the importance of reading. He clearly outlines what students will have to accomplish during their summer vocations and explains the steps in practice. First of all, he highlights the three steps to be done for successful reading. These steps include reading a paragraph from a non-fiction article, retelling the passage that has just been read, and rereading the paragraph one again if the information is difficult to perceive while reading for the first time (â€Å"E.L. Hayes – The 5th Grade, DC,† n. d.).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When the teacher described the steps, he proceeds to practicing and drilling the outlined activities in order to track the way students understand those steps.  Secondly, apart from clea r instructions and careful lesson planning, a behaviorist approach also implies the evaluation of students’ response to the presented plan. This can be explicitly viewed on the video where the teacher details the steps into more meaningful sub-units to understand what problems might occur as students read an article and analyze it. In other words, a behavioral model does not just set the rules making a student to observe them. Rather, it is a mutual agreement between a teacher and a student where the former establishes specific behaviors to receive positive reinforcement. Hence, before students start accomplishing the assignment, the teacher gives an explicit example of how the reading process should be organized. He reads the article, starts retelling the paragraph, identifies the problems he has with understanding the passages, and reads the text ones again to find an answer the question (â€Å"E.L. Hayes – The 5th Grade, DC,† n. d. ). In such a way, the teach er intends to promote intrinsic reinforcement (Ormrod, 2011, p. 417). With regard to the approaches used by the teacher, it should be stressed that some of the methods applied align to the established patterns and modes of behaviorism. Most of the presented stages are oriented on introducing new thinking and acting behavior that were first shown by the teacher. Specifically, the first strategy used by the teacher align with the concepts of traditional planning of the curriculum where the primary goal is to identify objectives and explain students what they are expected to do (Ormrod, 2011, p. 386). This is particularly connected with operant conditioning, meaning that the teacher modifies his behavior to associate with the incentive. Second, scaffolding the delivered material is aimed at reinforcing the students’ responsiveness and triggering their reactions to the identified steps. This stage of teaching is congruent with behaviorism as well because it aims to provoke studen t attention and trigger them to perform the previously identified and shown behaviors.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Video Analysis: E.L.Hayes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the whole, the video content offers a candid insight into the manner a lesson plan can be effectively executed. In regard to the dynamics of direct instructions the content can be equally be presented differently by including continuous probing which embraces the aspects of testing as well as assessing the student using suitable corrective responses. Therefore, the content can be re-taught through engaging the students in more complex issues gradually. Thus, this would entail establishing that; the objectives are clear, time allocated is adequate, the content examined is broad, the teacher controls and balances the usage of instructional materials, and that the questions fielded are at a less cognitive level which would provide countl ess positive responses. Lesson Redesign The above-outlined strategies refer to the concept that teaching ought to be presented in organized learning. Specifically, the teacher makes use of operant conditioning and intrinsic reinforcement of students’ behavior. In this respect, the content of the proposed lesson plan will also be based on this approaches that contribute to better identification of goals and recognition of stimulus to learn and practice a specific activity (Ormrod, 2011). The purpose of this can be attributed to the scope of aiding the students to learn how to illustrate the mastery of the presented subject before embarking on the other subject. Therefore, if students fail to understand or comprehend the presented subject, under this strategy the proposed strategies will help understand how the lessons plan can be improved in terms of peer monitoring, unit group discussions, tutoring including additional homework. This would thus entail providing extra time to those students who require extra coaching.  After re-planning the lessons, it will be possible to provide with unit’s materials which are designed for group or individual use. It ought to be noted that mastery approach in regard to behavioral strategies allows the students to be given the apposite circumstances for learning. Thus, each student is expected to apply to the behaviors that were initially shown by the teacher.  Assessing the students would entail gauging the manner they react to the specific questions as well as the materials assigned to them. This can be linked to the fact that the mastery strategy provides the students with an opportunity to learn and interact through collective tutoring. Therefore, in such a situation evaluating each student would be easier and more moderated.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion By re-teaching, the video content as per the above mentioned behavioral strategies the apparent aspects that are linked to behavioral theory. This can be testified by the manner these strategies have been executed to integrate diverse behavioral features. I t should be noted that in the course of lesson planning as well as operant condition and reinforcement teaching strategies seem to be a crucial tool for advancing the thinking skills for students. Perhaps this is due to the fact that it allows the teacher-student relationship to develop. Therefore, examining the diverse behavioral concepts and assumptions, it would be instrumental to argue that the video provides a considerable insight into diverse Elaborations theory and Instructional transaction theories essential in lesson planning including class planning. This can be supported by the fact that each strategy provides diverse aspects of course modularity, which includes definitions and objectives of all modules. Als o, the explored strategies illustrate that individual learning speed or tempo is essential and ought to be considered when planning for a lesson. Therefore, the teacher is expected to be patient and considerate when executing his lesson plans in regard to the above mentioned strategies. It should be noted each student has his or her unique requirement and behavioral attitudes which require careful approach and considerations. Therefore, all these ought to be considered as is illustrated in the video â€Å"E.L. Haynes – The 5th Grade, DC† to understand how behaviors are associated with learning techniques and knowledge acquisition. References E.L. Haynes – The 5th Grade, DC. (n.d.) Web. Ormrod, J. E. (2011). Educational Psychology. (7th Ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson. This essay on Video Analysis: E.L.Hayes was written and submitted by user Eliseo Waters to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.